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                <text>Legal Discourse on Manpower During COVID-19 Outbreak</text>
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                <text>Richard Kennedy</text>
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                <text>Covid-19 has become a global epidemic all around the world. All countries around the world have been completely struggled by this outbreak, including Indonesia. Economy crisis is something that could not be avoided. Naturally, workers, and entrepreneurs will be either directly or indirectly affected. Massive amount of companies has applied the regulation “Termination of Employment”, laid of the workers, and even deduction on wages payment. Workers have become vulnerable parties in this case because they do not have enough assurance. Article 164 (1) Act No. 3 of 2003 concerning Manpower indeed regulates the Termination of Employment regulation because of force majeure, however this law seems to be slightly unsuitably applied for this outbreak Covid-19 situation. Therefore, this study is aimed to do legal discoursing in which can both assure those workers and maintain the operation of business in this tight condition. Finally, Indonesia needs to return back to kinship culture and unity in diversity philosophy as stated in Pancasila to equalize the interests both for workers and employers. According to Article 33 (1) and (4) of 1945 Constitution of Republic Indonesia, it has been firmly stated that Indonesian economy should be organized as a common endeavor based upon the principles of the family system and conducted on basis of Pancasila democracy. Hence, government is expected to play the intermediary role in order to unify and even out interest of all parties. Law of Manpower need to be adjusted with some regulations about rights and responsibilities accommodate to workers, employers, and government in deal with epidemic outbreak.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid-19, manpower, legal discourse</text>
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                <text>Law Reform: Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum</text>
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                <text>Program Studi Magister Ilmu Hukum, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Diponegoro</text>
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                <text>Clinical course of 12 patients on a Covid-19 dementia isolation ward.</text>
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                <text>Richard Kerslake, Scott Cherry, Jessica Buckle, Richard Harris, Richard Caplan</text>
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                <text>10.1192/bjb.2020.109</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>BJPsych bulletin</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>When predictions are used to allocate scarce health care resources: three considerations for models in the era of Covid-19</text>
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                <text>Richard R. Sharp, David M. Kent, Jessica K. Paulus, Negin Hajizadeh</text>
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                <text>Abstract Background The need for life-saving interventions such as mechanical ventilation may threaten to outstrip resources during the Covid-19 pandemic. Allocation of these resources to those most likely to benefit can be supported by clinical prediction models. The ethical and practical considerations relevant to predictions supporting decisions about microallocation are distinct from those that inform shared decision-making in ways important for model design. Main body We review three issues of importance for microallocation: (1) Prediction of benefit (or of medical futility) may be technically very challenging; (2) When resources are scarce, calibration is less important for microallocation than is ranking to prioritize patients, since capacity determines thresholds for resource utilization; (3) The concept of group fairness, which is not germane in shared decision-making, is of central importance in microallocation. Therefore, model transparency is important. Conclusion Prediction supporting allocation of life-saving interventions should be explicit, data-driven, frequently updated and open to public scrutiny. This implies a preference for simple, easily understood and easily applied prognostic models.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>health care rationing, algorithmic fairness, COVID-19, Clinical prediction models</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26497">
                <text>DOI: 10.1186/s41512-020-00079-y</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Diagnostic and Prognostic Research</text>
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                <text>BMC</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Medicine (General)</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Commentary: Covid 19: Don't Throw Caution to the Wind Nor Air Leak. Use PPE!</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Richard S Lazzaro, Matthew L Inra, Byron Patton</text>
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                <text>2021</text>
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                <text>10.1053/j.semtcvs.2020.12.022</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Seminars in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery</text>
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                <text>SARS Preparedness Checklist for State and Local Health Officials</text>
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                <text>Richard S. Hopkins, Lara Misegades, James Ransom, Leigh Lipson, Edward W. Brink</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>A planning checklist for widespread severe acute respiratory syndrome, modeled on an Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) pandemic influenza planning checklist, was developed jointly by ASTHO, the National Association of County and City Health Officials, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This checklist, distributed May, 2003, has been widely used.</text>
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                <text>2004</text>
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                <text>severe acute respiratory syndrome, Health Planning, epidemics, influenza, coronavirus, United States</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3201/eid1002.030729</text>
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                <text>Emerging Infectious Diseases</text>
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                <text>Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>An ecological study of socioeconomic predictors in detection of COVID-19 cases across neighborhoods in New York City</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82215">
                <text>Richard S. Whittle, Ana Diaz-Artiles</text>
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                <text>Abstract Background New York City was the first major urban center of the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA. Cases are clustered in the city, with certain neighborhoods experiencing more cases than others. We investigate whether potential socioeconomic factors can explain between-neighborhood variation in the COVID-19 test positivity rate. Methods Data were collected from 177 Zip Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTA) in New York City (99.9% of the population). We fit multiple Bayesian Besag-York-Mollié (BYM) mixed models using positive COVID-19 tests as the outcome, a set of 11 representative demographic, economic, and health-care associated ZCTA-level parameters as potential predictors, and the total number of COVID-19 tests as the exposure. The BYM model includes both spatial and nonspatial random effects to account for clustering and overdispersion. Results Multiple regression approaches indicated a consistent, statistically significant association between detected COVID-19 cases and dependent children (under 18 years old), population density, median household income, and race. In the final model, we found that an increase of only 5% in young population is associated with a 2.3% increase in COVID-19 positivity rate (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4 to 4.2%, p=0.021). An increase of 10,000 people per km2 is associated with a 2.4% (95% CI 0.6 to 4.2%, p=0.011) increase in positivity rate. A decrease of $10,000 median household income is associated with a 1.6% (95% CI 0.7 to 2.4%, p</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>covid-19, population density, Socio-economic factors, positivity rate, Besag-York-Mollié model, Youth dependency</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82219">
                <text>10.1186/s12916-020-01731-6</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82220">
                <text>Biotemas</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82221">
                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82222">
                <text>Medicine</text>
              </elementText>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26868">
                <text>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Did Quarantine Help?</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26869">
                <text>Richard Schabas</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26870">
                <text>2004</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26871">
                <text>DOI: 10.1155/2004/521892</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26872">
                <text>Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26873">
                <text>Hindawi Limited</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Infectious and parasitic diseases, Microbiology</text>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Providing planetary health diet meals to low-income families in Baltimore City during the COVID-19 pandemic</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="48497">
                <text>Richard Semba, Rebecca Ramsing, Nihaal Rahman, Martin Bloem</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="48498">
                <text>The COVID-19 pandemic has increased food insecurity, especially among low-income Black and His­panic families in the United States. Food insecurity is associated with poorer health and higher mortality in adults and greater risk of impaired cognitive development and behavioral problems in children. Pro­viding food for low-income families is an important priority of the COVID-19 response. Food That Connects Us All is a program that provides healthy meals to low-income Black and Hispanic families in Baltimore City. The meals follow guidelines for the planetary health diet, a reference diet developed by the EAT-Lancet Commission to optimize health and be sustainable within planetary boundaries. The planetary health diet consists largely of vegetables, fruit, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and unsaturated oils, with a low to moderate amount of seafood and poultry and with little or no red or processed meats, refined grains, starchy vegetables, and added sugar. In a food survey, participants showed a high level of satisfaction with the taste, appearance, and healthfulness of the meals. Food That Connects Us All is a direct approach to reducing health disparities and demonstrates the feasibility of providing an ideal reference diet to vulnerable low-income families at high risk for poor health outcomes during the pandemic.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>covid-19, Pandemic, food insecurity, Minority Health, eat-lancet, planetary health diet</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>10.5304/jafscd.2020.101.010</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="48502">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Agriculture, Environmental sciences, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Technology, Social Sciences, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Recreation. Leisure, Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology, Regional planning, Communities. Classes. Races, Human ecology. Anthropogeography, Home economics</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="88122">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Situación actual del Ecuador como territorio libre de transgénicos</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="182262">
                <text>Richard Steveens Intriago Barreno, Elizabeth Bravo Velásquez</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="182263">
                <text>En este artículo se hace una revisión de las acciones hechas por el movimiento anti-transgénico en el Ecuador desde que la Constitución lo declaró como un país “libre de cultivos y semillas transgénicas”, y se contrasta con las acciones del Estado ecuatoriano. Se explica que los movimientos de la sociedad civil escogieron como una de las estrategias para salvaguardar la condición de país libre de transgénicos, llevar a cabo un proceso de monitoreo participativo de cuatro cultivos que potencialmente podrían ser transgénicos y estar contaminados genéticamente, por ser los más cultivados en el mundo: maíz, soya, canola y alfalfa. Se encontraron resultados positivos para soya y alfalfa, lo que alerta de la necesidad de desarrollar políticas públicas de vigilancia para mantener al país sin transgénicos.</text>
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                <text>2015</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="182265">
                <text>Soberanía alimentaria, agrobiodiversidad, contaminación genética, cultivos transgénicos</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>10.17141/letrasverdes.18.2015.1606</text>
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                <text>Letras Verdes: Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Socioambientales</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="182268">
                <text>Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede Ecuador</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="182269">
                <text>Environmental sciences, Human ecology. Anthropogeography</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://revistas.flacsoandes.edu.ec/letrasverdes/article/view/1606" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://revistas.flacsoandes.edu.ec/letrasverdes/article/view/1606&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Human Metapneumovirus Detection in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17329">
                <text>Rickjason C. W. Chan, John S. Tam, Ching-Wan Lam, Edward Chan, Alan Wu, Chi-kong Li, Thomas A. Buckley, King-Cheung Ng, Gavin M. Joynt, Frankie W. T. Cheng, Ka-Fai To, Nelson Lee, David S.C. Hui, Jo L.K. Cheung, Ida Chu, Esther Liu, Sydney S.C. Chung, Joseph J. Y. Sung</text>
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                <text>We used a combination approach of conventional virus isolation and molecular techniques to detect human metapneumovirus (HMPV) in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Of the 48 study patients, 25 (52.1%) were infected with HMPV; 6 of these 25 patients were also infected with coronavirus, and another 5 patients (10.4%) were infected with coronavirus alone. Using this combination approach, we found that human laryngeal carcinoma (HEp-2) cells were superior to rhesus monkey kidney (LLC-MK2) cells commonly used in previous studies for isolation of HMPV. These widely available HEp-2 cells should be included in conjunction with a molecular method for cell culture followup to detect HMPV, particularly in patients with SARS.</text>
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                <text>2003</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Metapneumovirus, coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS, virus isolation, Hong Kong</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17333">
                <text>DOI: 10.3201/eid0909.030304</text>
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                <text>Emerging Infectious Diseases</text>
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