A Review of Novel Coronavirus, cause of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
Acute Respirototy Distress Syndrom - Middle East - New coronavirus- Saudi Arabia
Abstract Background: Isolation of a novel virus belonging to coronavirdae family in September 2012, from patients in Middle East who had died of an acute respiratory illness & renal failure lead to researches on this new virus. Here, a brief review to summarize the events of scientific findings of this new emerging virus. Material and Methods: This review is based on a comprehensive search of three databases (Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane) and WHO reports. The searched keywords were new coronavirus, Middle East, acute respieratory distress syndrom & Saudi Arabia. Results: Due to novelty of virus only limited papers exist on searched databases, so only 50 papers were identified which after omitting repeated case reports, papers related to SARS and updated WHO reports, 30 papers were finally reviewed. Conclusion: WHO recommendation is evaluation of all patients with acute respiratory illness and history of travel to Saudi Arabia or other countries where this novel virus is epidemic.
Katayoun Vahdat, Azam Amini, Akram Najafi, Mohammad Javad Haeri‌nejad
Transpulmonary Bubble Transit in Severe COVID-19: Pulmonary Vasodilatation or Angiogenesis?
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children - A resource for COVID-19 research: Questionnaire data capture May-July 2020 [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a prospective population-based cohort study which recruited pregnant women in 1990-1992 and has followed these women, their partners and their offspring ever since. The study reacted rapidly to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, deploying an online questionnaire early on during lockdown (from 9th April to 15th May). In late May 2020, a second questionnaire was developed asking about physical and mental health, lifestyle and behaviours, employment and finances. The online questionnaire was deployed across the parent and offspring generations between the 26th May and 5th July 2020. 6482 participants completed the questionnaire (2639 original mothers, 1039 original fathers/partners, 2711 offspring (mean age ~28 years) and 93 partners of offspring). 1039 new participants who did not respond to the first questionnaire deployed in April completed the second questionnaire. A positive COVID-19 test was reported by 36 (0.6%) participants (12 G0 and 24 G1), 91 (1.4%; 35 G0 and 56 G1) reported that they had been told by a doctor they likely had COVID-19 and 838 (13%; 422 G0 and 416 G1) suspected that they have had COVID-19. The observational data from both COVID questionnaires will be complemented with linkage to health records and results of biological testing as they become available. In combination, these data may help us identify true cases. Data has been released as an update to the original dataset released in May 2020. It comprises: 1) a standard dataset containing all participant responses to both questionnaires with key sociodemographic factors and 2) as a composite release coordinating data from the existing resource, thus enabling bespoke research across all areas supported by the study. This data note describes the second questionnaire and the data obtained from it.
Kate Northstone, Daniel Smith, Claire Bowring, Nicholas Wells, Michael Crawford, Simon Haworth, Nicholas J. Timpson
Poxviruses are important pathogens of man and numerous domestic and wild animal species. Cross species (including zoonotic) poxvirus infections can have drastic consequences for the recipient host. Bats are a diverse order of mammals known to carry lethal viral zoonoses such as Rabies, Hendra, Nipah, and SARS. Consequent targeted research is revealing bats to be infected with a rich diversity of novel viruses. Poxviruses were recently identified in bats and the settings in which they were found were dramatically different. Here, we review the natural history of poxviruses in bats and highlight the relationship of the viruses to each other and their context in the Poxviridae family. In addition to considering the zoonotic potential of these viruses, we reflect on the broader implications of these findings. Specifically, the potential to explore and exploit this newfound relationship to study coevolution and cross species transmission together with fundamental aspects of poxvirus host tropism as well as bat virology and immunology.
Life under lockdown and social restrictions - the experiences of people living with dementia and their carers during the COVID-19 pandemic in England
covid-19, dementia, carers, social restrictions, social engagement, Qualitative Research
Abstract Background The impact of COVID-19 restrictions on people living with dementia and their carers is an emerging focus of recent research determining how we can best support this population. People living with dementia have faced service curtailment, increased risk for COVID-19, as well as potential heightened deterioration. This study reports the experiences of people living with dementia and their family carers during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic in England and the impact on them. Methods We recruited and remotely interviewed 30 people living with dementia in their own homes and 31 family carers, via video or telephone call in mid-2020. Data were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Results People living with dementia often had a basic understanding of COVID-19 restrictions but could have difficulty translating this into personalised risk-appraisal of their own actions. Managing COVID-19 risks facing people living with dementia at home was largely done by family carers, exemplified by changes to living arrangements, which could strain or sustain caring relationships. Well-established familial caring relationships contributed to the wellbeing of the person living with dementia and their carer, as well as keeping to simple routines that included leaving the home for exercise and stimulation. People living with dementia reported some negative psychological and cognitive effects due to the imposed restrictions, such as increased apathy, irritability, or anxiety, which were fuelled by lack of social engagement. Conclusions Structuring routine (remote) social interactions where possible could increase social engagement and improve wellbeing for people living with dementia, especially those with limited familial support in a post-COVID-19 context. As some care relationships had been restructured to manage COVID-19 risks, additional carer strain may emerge as a result of the impact on the independence of the person living with dementia and come to the attention of professionals in health and care services. People living with dementia and their carers highlighted the importance of maintaining or adapting routines which may be useful learning for professionals, although additional support may be necessary for those who are impacted by more severe or worsening symptoms of dementia.
Kate Walters, Greta Rait, Remco Tuijt, Rachael Frost, Jane Wilcock, Louise Robinson, Jill Manthorpe
The Wonder of the Most Dramatic Contradiction of Capitalism
Author(s): Katerina Kolozova Title (English): The Wonder of the Most Dramatic Contradiction of Capitalism Title (Turkish): Kapitalizmin en dramatik çelişkisinin harikaları Translated by (English to Turkish): Çağatay Özyürek and Mustafa Yalçınkaya Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje Page Range: 42-45 Page Count: 4 Citation (English): Katerina Kolozova, “The Wonder of the Most Dramatic Contradiction of Capitalism,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 1 (Summer 2020): 42-45. Citation (Turkish): Katerina Kolozova, “Kapitalizmin en dramatik çelişkisinin harikaları,” çeviri Çağatay Özyürek ve Mustafa Yalçınkaya, Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 1 (Summer 2020): 42-45.
Katerina Kolozova, Çağatay Özyürek, Mustafa Yalçınkaya
Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje
Androgens and women: COVID-19 outcomes in women with acne vulgaris, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and hirsutism.
Katerina Yale, Rachel Elsanadi, Alessandro Ghigi, Kai Zheng, Andy Goren, Natasha A Mesinkovska
The role of information and communication technologies in epidemics: an attempt at analysis
information and communication technologies, educational process, epidemic, quarantine, COVID-19, coronavirus, school closures
The article deals with the urgent problem of possibilities of using information and communication technologies during epidemics, and their role in the organization of the educational process in Ukraine under quarantine conditions. The analysis of publications on the role of information and communication technologies in epidemics has been carried out by searching on the Internet platforms that comprise abstract databases of scientific journal publications and patents. It is found out that for the most existing works are concerned with the closure of institutions during infectious disease outbreaks, the analysis of the importance of information and communication technologies in epidemics, the role of social media during pandemics, the role of mobile technologies in supporting the continuity of education during temporary closures of schools caused by different crises, experiences of the use of online or other communication technology for the temporary distance learning provision. The analysis of the publications revealed that most of the scientific papers found have been devoted to the problem of preventing the spread of the epidemic rather than organizing the educational process at the educational institution. The carried out research has comprised a quantitative and qualitative (content) analysis of Internet search results in various information resources and Internet services. The qualitative content analysis has been applied to clarify the essence of information and communication technology concepts of and to define the value of information and communication technologies for the organization of the educational process under quarantine conditions. The quantitative content analysis has been used to identify the frequency of words or phrases contained in the texts of scientific articles, web pages, social media posts outlined by the research topic. The analysis of articles in search systems for scientific publications and patents, the analysis of official information resources of different countries, the electronic search in the most popular search engines, the analysis of messages on the most popular social networks, the analysis of lists of educational topics, search in the shops of mobile applications have been carried out in the research. The descriptive analysis, classification, grouping, and graphical methods have been used to systematize, summarize, and present the results of the research. It is concluded that, at present, informing the population and educational institutions on the organization of the educational process under the conditions of pandemics and quarantine is not of sufficiently high quality and opportune. The situation with the dissemination of information and the support of educators in such an emergency as a pandemic needs further study, it is advisable to direct the actions and reactions of educators during this period in particular scientific analysis.
Kateryna Osadcha, Viacheslav Osadchyi, Vladyslav Kruglyk
Ukrainian Journal of Educational Studies and Information Technology
Profi.Net.Ua Group; Department of Informatics and Cybernetics; Melitopol Bohdan Khmelnytsky State Pedagogical University
Special aspects of education, Electronic computers. Computer science
[Closeness and distance : Caring in times of covid-19].
Katharina Gabl, Alexander Küpper, Julien Pöhner
Conducting a high-stakes OSCE in a COVID-19 environment
O.S.C.E, clinical examination, Pandemic, COVID-19, Simulation, Clinical skills assessment, Performance assessment
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented significant challenges for medical schools. It is critical to ensure final year medical school students are not delayed in their entry to the clinical workforce in times of healthcare crisis. However, proceeding with assessment to determine competency for graduation from medical school, and maintaining performance standards for graduating doctors is an unprecedented challenge under pandemic conditions. This challenge is hitherto uncharted territory for medical schools and there is scant guidance for medical educators. In early March 2020, Duke-National University Singapore Medical School embraced the challenge for ensuring competent final year medical students could complete their final year of studies and graduate on time, to enter the medical workforce in Singapore without delay. This paper provides details of how the final year clinical performance examinations were planned and conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the paper is to provide guidance to other medical schools in similar circumstances who need to plan and make suitable adjustments to clinical skills examinations under current pandemic conditions. The paper illustrates how it is possible to design and implement clinical skills examinations (OSCEs) to ensure the validity and reliability of high-stakes performance assessments whilst protecting the safety of all participants, minimising risk and maintaining defensibility to key stakeholders.
Katharine Boursicot, Sandra Kemp, Thun How Ong, Limin Wijaya, Sok Hong Goh, Kirsty Freeman, Ian Curran
Association for Medical Education in Europe (AMEE)