Incubation Period and Other Epidemiological Characteristics of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infections with Right Truncation: A Statistical Analysis of Publicly Available Case Data
Epidemiology, Incubation period, virus, distribution, emerging infectious diseases
The geographic spread of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infections from the epicenter of Wuhan, China, has provided an opportunity to study the natural history of the recently emerged virus. Using publicly available event-date data from the ongoing epidemic, the present study investigated the incubation period and other time intervals that govern the epidemiological dynamics of COVID-19 infections. Our results show that the incubation period falls within the range of 2−14 days with 95% confidence and has a mean of around 5 days when approximated using the best-fit lognormal distribution. The mean time from illness onset to hospital admission (for treatment and/or isolation) was estimated at 3−4 days without truncation and at 5−9 days when right truncated. Based on the 95th percentile estimate of the incubation period, we recommend that the length of quarantine should be at least 14 days. The median time delay of 13 days from illness onset to death (17 days with right truncation) should be considered when estimating the COVID-19 case fatality risk.
Natalie M. Linton, Tetsuro Kobayashi, Yichi Yang, Katsuma Hayashi, Andrei R. Akhmetzhanov, Sung-Mok Jung, Baoyin Yuan, Ryo Kinoshita, Hiroshi Nishiura
INCUBATOR Lab: Com reimaginar un futur biotecnològic per mitjà de la investigació en l'art i la ciència
Bio Art, biotecnología, ecología, práctica social
INCUBATOR: El Laboratori Híbrid en la intersecció d'Art, Ciència i Ecologia és una eina per a la investigació del bioart i per a l'ensenyament que es troba a l'Escola d'Arts Creatives de la Universitat de Windsord al Canadà. Fundat el 2009 per la Dr. Jennifer Willet, INCUBATOR alberga projectes de bioart d'alumnes, investigacions sobre estudis de ciències i tecnologia i esdeveniments especials que investiguen la intersecció de biotecnologia, art i ecologia. Aquest article descriu els seus lectors la premissa conceptual fonamental de les activitats de laboratori d'INCUBATOR i el complex entramat ecològic entre les pràctiques de laboratori contemporani i la nostra ecologia planetària com un exemple per a elucidar el procés d'investigació/creació que entra en joc al laboratori.
https://raco.cat/index.php/Artnodes/article/view/339686
acabados cerámicos, cerámica, ecología, investigación, resíduo
El presente artículo, resultado del proyecto Tintas, esmaltes y engobes ecológicos, busca resolver la pregunta: ¿cómo reducir el impacto ambiental de ciertos acabados cerámicos, a través de la recolección de residuos para remplazar los componentes normalmente usados en la realización de estos acabados? La metodología de investigación de tipo cuantitativo se desarrolló en cuatro pasos: revisión bibliográfica, formulación química, recolección y catalogación, y desarrollo de las pruebas. El principal hallazgo de la investigación fue la fórmula para usar residuos de tóner, remplazando el óxido en la fórmula de tinta para cerámica; también se encontró una fórmula de tinta que funciona como bloqueador de esmalte. En el futuro se seguirán haciendo pruebas para optimizar los primeros resultados.
Luisa Amanda Martínez Coronado, Laura Castro Sanabria
Calle 14: Revista de Investigación en el Campo del Arte
Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas
https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/c14/article/view/15420
Independence in Learning, Education Management, and Industry 4.0: Habitat Indonesia during COVID-19
covid-19, education, Indonesia, CURRICULUM, teachers, Learning, lecturers
COVID-19 is the biggest pandemic of the 20th century and has hurt humans. Apart from death, this virus also has an impact on the social, economic, and educational fields. Like it or not, COVID-19 causes most schools and campuses to change their learning patterns. This paper tries to discuss freedom of learning, educational management, and challenges in industry 4.0 for Indonesia during this outbreak. With these 3 objectives, we use a literature review approach. The first conclusion is that the independence of learning in Indonesia has not been optimal so far, because in general many teachers and lecturers still use the old pattern (they are the centers of learning). The second affirmation is that education management in Indonesia is still traditionally based, meaning that the use of learning media (for example online) is not fully used. Third, in terms of Industry 4.0, education in schools and campuses, there is an obligation to take advantage of IoT with the aim that students and students can think critically, develop creativity, hone soft skills to communicate, and train to collaborate with various parties. The biggest job is under the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia, to evaluate the education curriculum and make extra policies to accelerate the civilization of education during COVID-19.
Zainal Ilmi, Dio Caisar Darma, Musdalifah Azis
Journal of Anthropology of Sport and Physical Education
University of Montenegro, Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, Montenegrin Sports Academy
Index of soil quality in agroecological and conventional farming in potiguar semiarid, Brazil
Agricultura Familiar, Indicadores físicos, Indicadores químicos, agroecologia
The inadequate use and management in cropping systems in the semiarid region may decline the soil's ability to sustain the production. The objective of this work was to determine the soil quality index (SQI) in agroecological and conventional irrigated agricultural experimental units (AEU), located in the community of Sombras Grandes, Caraúbas, Rio Grande do Norte. Simple soil samples (0-20cm) were collected from 2009 to 2012. To determine the SQI, it was used 11 quality indicators associated to the soil functions in maintain the productivity capacity over time: bulk density (Bd), total porosity (TP), penetration resistance (PR), water availability in soil (AWS/TP), moisture retention at -33 kPa (MR/TP), pH, phosphorus assimilable (P), cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation (V), soil organic matter (SOM), clay dispersed in water (CDW) and flocculation degree (FD). The SQI in agroecological and conventional irrigated AEU were classified as good (0.80) and bad (0.45), respectively. In conventional AEU there is need for agricultural practices, like injection of organic waste, that improve the FD because it was the indicator that most contributed to reduce the SQI. The SQI reflected the integrated performance of the chemical and physical properties, which can be used in making decisions about the soil use and management.
Fábio dos Santos Santiago, Suzana Maria Gico Lima Montenegro, Maria Rafaela de Almeida Pinheiro
Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável
Grupo Verde de Agroecologia e Abelhas (GVAA)
http://www.gvaa.com.br/revista/index.php/RVADS/article/view/5333
Agriculture (General), Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences
Index Patient and SARS Outbreak in Hong Kong
severe acute respiratory syndrome, Antiviral Agents, treatment, Hong Kong
During the global outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003, treatment was empiric. We report the case history of the index patient in a hospital outbreak of SARS in Hong Kong. The patient recovered after conventional antimicrobial therapy. Further studies are needed to address treatment of SARS, which has high attack and death rates.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine
Indexing Arbitrary-Length k-Mers in Sequencing Reads.
We propose a lightweight data structure for indexing and querying collections of NGS reads data in main memory. The data structure supports the interface proposed in the pioneering work by Philippe et al. for counting and locating k-mers in sequencing reads. Our solution, PgSA (pseudogenome suffix array), based on finding overlapping reads, is competitive to the existing algorithms in the space use, query times, or both. The main applications of our index include variant calling, error correction and analysis of reads from RNA-seq experiments.
Tomasz Kowalski, Szymon Grabowski, Sebastian Deorowicz
Public health, India, covid-19, Public Policy, SMAART RAPID tracker
The purpose of this article is two pronged; first, to identify and report public health implications of the ongoing coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, and second, to report challenges uniquely faced by the citizens of India from a population health perspective. We have done both while closely examining epidemiological data that is accessible via SMAART's RAPID Tracker. This policy informatics platform is a live database aimed to track the geospatial spread of the COVID-19 outbreak and policy actions globally and is administered collaboratively by CUNY's Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy and a global, non-profit public health incubator. Infectivity, incidence, and recovery rates were computed and graphical representations of epidemiological datasets were studied. We have discussed a plausible conceptual framework based on the principles of population health informatics for countries with similar characteristics to build a stronger public and community health foundation in order to safeguard populations during a health emergency in the future.
Ashish Joshi, Apeksha H. Mewani, Srishti Arora, Ashoo Grover
Indian academy of cytologists national guidelines for cytopathology laboratories for handling suspected and positive COVID-19 (SARS-COV-2) patient samples
Guidelines, Cytology, Cytopathology, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19
COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. This scenario has impacted the way we practice cytopathology. Cytology laboratories receive fresh and potentially infectious biological samples including those from the respiratory tract, from COVID-19 positive or suspected patients. Hence, the Indian Academy of Cytologists thought it necessary and fit to bring forth appropriate guidelines starting from transportation, receipt, processing, and reporting of samples in the COVID-19 era. The guidelines are prepared with the aim of safeguarding and protecting the health care personnel including laboratory staff, trainees and cytopathologists by minimizing exposure to COVID-19 so that they remain safe, in order to able to provide a continuous service. We hope that these national guidelines will be implemented across all cytopathology laboratories effectively.
Bharat Rekhi, Ram Nawal Rao, Indranil Chakrabarti, Prabal Deb, Madhusmita Jena, Nalini Gupta, Madhu Mati Goel, Arvind Rajwanshi, Radhika Srinivasan, Sandeep Mathur, Parikshaa Gupta, R. G. W. Pinto, Dev Prasoon, Vijay S Nijhawan, Venkat Iyer, Meherbano Kamal, Siddaraju Raju, Surendra Verma
Indian Economy Amid COVID-19 Lockdown: A Prespective
crisis, coronavirus, economy, WHO, COVID-19, lockdown
COVID-19 virus has resulted in the lockdown of schools, offices, factories, temples, railway stations,and even the airspace. It is estimated that due to the lockdown, the Indian economy may faceprolonged adverse impact. The paper is an attempt to ascertain the impact of lockdown on the Indianeconomy and explore future perspective. The study has addressed important issues like consumptionexpenditure, demand & supply, unemployment rate, purchasing power, financial market, etc. Under thegiven circumstances, the lockdown will cost India around USD 120 bn. The manufacturing and servicesector has come to an abrupt stop and interrupted domestic supply chains. If this crisis continuous itwill indirectly affect all economic sectors. The study has given suggestions as a learning curve whichcan be used by different stakeholder to improve the economic situation of the country and minimizenegative effect of lockdown.
Amit Joshi, Puneet Kumar Gupta, Preeti Bhaskar
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology