1089 10 20655 https://socictopen.socict.org/files/original/26fb442f4d6a541d5586f174c265f6d3.pdf 65faf63bae2749b1656d641ce49a7a7a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Role of Health Preconditions on COVID-19 Deaths in Portugal: Evidence from Surveillance Data of the First 20293 Infection Cases Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Paulo Jorge Nogueira, Miguel de Araújo Nobre, Andreia Costa, Ruy M. Ribeiro, Cristina Furtado, Leonor Bacelar Nicolau, Catarina Camarinha, Márcia Luís, Ricardo Abrantes, António Vaz Carneiro Description An account of the resource Background: It is essential to study the effect of potential co-factors on the risk of death in patients infected by COVID-19. The identification of risk factors is important to allow more efficient public health and health services strategic interventions with a significant impact on deaths by COVID-19. This study aimed to identify factors associated with COVID-19 deaths in Portugal. Methods: A national dataset with the first 20,293 patients infected with COVID-19 between 1 January and 21 April 2020 was analyzed. The primary outcome measure was mortality by COVID-19, measured (registered and confirmed) by Medical Doctors serving as health delegates on the daily death registry. A logistic regression model using a generalized linear model was used for estimating Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for each potential risk indicator. Results: A total of 502 infected patients died of COVID-19. The risk factors for increased odds of death by COVID-19 were: sex (male: OR = 1.47, ref = female), age ((56–60) years, OR = 6.01; (61–65) years, OR = 10.5; (66–70) years, OR = 20.4; (71–75) years, OR = 34; (76–80) years, OR = 50.9; (81–85) years, OR = 70.7; (86–90) years, OR = 83.2; (91–95) years, OR = 91.8; (96–104) years, OR = 140.2, ref=(0–55)), Cardiac disease (OR = 2.86), Kidney disorder (OR = 2.95), and Neuromuscular disorder (OR = 1.58), while condition (None (absence of precondition); OR = 0.49) was associated with a reduced chance of dying after adjusting for other variables of interest. Conclusions: Besides age and sex, preconditions justify the risk difference in mortality by COVID-19. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource mortality, cancer, covid-19, cardiovascular, Demographics, systemic condition Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.3390/jcm9082368 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Medicine https://socictopen.socict.org/files/original/33fc319ef581dcfc0b655b17be6bd3d8.pdf 2ddfd3332002116c0ec265a35f7beea0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Viral-bacterial co-infection in Australian Indigenous children with acute otitis media Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Whiley David, Nissen Michael, Sloots Theo, Smith-Vaughan Heidi, Cheng Allen C, Binks Michael J, McDonnell Joseph, Leach Amanda J Description An account of the resource Abstract Background Acute otitis media with perforation (AOMwiP) affects 40% of remote Indigenous children during the first 18 months of life. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis are the primary bacterial pathogens of otitis media and their loads predict clinical ear state. Our hypothesis is that antecedent respiratory viral infection increases bacterial density and progression to perforation. Methods A total of 366 nasopharyngeal swabs from 114 Indigenous children were retrospectively examined. A panel of 17 respiratory viruses was screened by PCR, and densities of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis were estimated by quantitative real time PCR. Data are reported by clinical ear state. Results M. catarrhalis (96%), H. influenzae (91%), S. pneumoniae (89%) and respiratory viruses (59%) were common; including rhinovirus (HRV) (38%), polyomavirus (HPyV) (14%), adenovirus (HAdV) (13%), bocavirus (HBoV) (8%) and coronavirus (HCoV) (4%). Geometric mean bacterial loads were significantly higher in children with acute otitis media (AOM) compared to children without evidence of otitis media. Children infected with HAdV were 3 times more likely (p < 0.001) to have AOM with or without perforation. Conclusion This study confirms a positive association between nasopharyngeal bacterial load and clinical ear state, exacerbated by respiratory viruses, in Indigenous children. HAdV was independently associated with acute ear states. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2011 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.1186/1471-2334-11-161 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases https://socictopen.socict.org/files/original/0be4946623d563aaf78347dda9996862.pdf 97b79748d21ce682434ea0b62d557785 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource HIV testing amid COVID-19: community efforts to reach men who have sex with men in three Kenyan counties [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Shem Kaosa, Samuel Kuria, Janet Musimbi, Parinita Bhattacharjee, Manas Migot Odinga, Oliver Muindi, Peter Mwakazi, Margret Njraini, Memory Melon, Bernadette Kombo, Japtheth Kioko, Helgar Musyoki, Robert Lorway Description An account of the resource In comparison to European and American countries, Kenya has been less impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of reported cases and mortalities. However, everyday life has been dramatically affected by highly restrictive government-imposed measures such as stay-at-home curfews, prohibitions on mobility across national and county boundaries, and strict policing, especially of the urban poor, which has culminated in violence. This open letter highlights the effects of these measures on how three community-based organizations (CBOs) deliver HIV programs and services to highly stigmatized communities of men who have sex with men living in the counties of Kisumu, Kiambu and Mombasa. In particular, emphasis is placed on how HIV testing programs, which are supported by systematic peer outreach, are being disrupted at a time when global policymakers call for expanded HIV testing and treatment targets among key populations. While government measures have greatly undermined local efforts to deliver health services to members and strengthen existing HIV testing programs, each of the three CBOs has taken innovative steps to adapt to the government restrictions and to the COVID-19 pandemic itself. Although HIV testing in clinical spaces among those who were once regular and occasional program attendees dropped off noticeably in the early months of the COVID-19 lockdown, the program eventually began to rebound as outreach approaches shifted to virtual platforms and strategies. Importantly and unexpectedly, HIV self-testing kits proved to fill a major gap in clinic-based HIV testing at a time of crisis. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.12688/gatesopenres.13152.1 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Biotemas Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Medicine https://socictopen.socict.org/files/original/e376922f65f667dcfec8b674fe7cfee6.pdf d8019a822bd5919f38010f18911c1c61 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource O Desafio Diagnóstico do Novo Coronavírus: A Propósito de um Caso Clínico Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Vanda Jorge, David Rodrigues, Maria Manuel Noronha, Eduardo Pegado Description An account of the resource COVID-19 é o nome atribuído, pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, à doença provocada pelo novo coronavírus SARS-Cov-2, que pode causar infeção respiratória grave como a pneumonia, tendo sido declarada como pandemia a 11 de março de 2020. O conhecimento acerca dos seus testes diagnósticos ainda está em clara evolução, bem como a sua correta interpretação. Apresentamos o caso clínico de um homem, de 67 anos, com história prévia de hipertensão arterial e glaucoma. Evidência de quadro clínico arrastado de febre, astenia e mialgias. Tomografia computorizada do tórax com infiltrados periféricos sugestivos de pneumonia atípica. Iniciou terapêutica protocolada com hidroxicloroquina e azitromicina, por elevada suspeição para COVID-19, apesar de só a terceira pesquisa de SARS-CoV-2 no exsudado faríngeo, ter sido positiva. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource covid-19, Reação em cadeia da polimerase via transcriptase reversa, Exsudados e Transudatos, Infeções por Coronavírus/diagnóstico Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.29315/gm.v7i2.364 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gazeta Médica Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available José de Mello Saúde Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Medicine, Medicine (General) https://socictopen.socict.org/files/original/f1a0a324beeb85964c59d3534c3ebe9d.pdf afc55375f3b8da76d089a2ba522f2532 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Modifications in Breast Cancer Guidelines in COVID-19 Pandemic; An Iranian Consensus Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Farhad Shahi, Mehrzad Mirzania, Mahdi Aghili, Mohammadreza Dabiri, Sharareh Seifi, Alireza Bary, Nafiseh Ansarinejad, Alireza Rezvani, Soroush Rad, Amirali Shahi, Ahmad Elahi, Ahmad Kaviani Description An account of the resource Background: In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel COVID-19 infection a pandemic. Among high-risk patients infected by the virus, breast cancer patients are vulnerable to present more severe infections. Iran is among the countries with a high incidence of COVID-19 , and most of the routine activities of medical centers are affected by the epidemic disease. Thus, there is a need to make some modifications to international protocols for dealing with breast cancer in the affected countries. Methods: The headings of breast cancer management protocols have been discussed among the university-affiliated professors in different disciplines involved in breast cancer management. The discussions were done through a “WhatsApp” group considering the tiles and the latest news about COVID-19. Under each title, we provide the consensus of all members in the related disciplines. Recommendations and Conclusion: In each specialty, all members agreed to choose minimal intervention. The modifications aim to reduce the workload of the medical centers as well as to provide the least interface of the patients with the medical centers. The members know that some recommendations may interfere with the routine best-practice recommendations and decrease the quality measures in the patient's outcome. Therefore, these recommendations are valid just in epidemic COVID-19 situation in the country. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource coronavirus, covid-19, Breast cancer guidelines Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.32768/abc.20207114-21 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens https://socictopen.socict.org/files/original/1692b4d2c6aedcad15a7d7b4db615b1e.pdf 7713f938d75efec0e6c594867f3656e7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with suspected COVID-19 admitted in Metro Manila, Philippines Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Edmundo B. Lopez, Jose Benito Villarama, Chris Smith, Ana Ria Sayo, Annavi Marie G. Villanueva, Eumelia P. Salva, Tansy Edwards, Su Myat Han, Shuichi Suzuki, Xerxes Seposo, Koya Ariyoshi Description An account of the resource Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread to almost every region and country in the world, leading to widespread travel restrictions and national lockdowns. Currently, there are limited epidemiological and clinical data on COVID-19 patients from low and middle-income countries. We conducted a retrospective single-center study of the first 100 individuals with suspected COVID-19 (between Jan. 25 and Mar. 29, 2020) admitted to San Lazaro Hospital (SLH), the national infectious diseases referral hospital in Manila, Philippines. Results Demographic data, travel history, clinical features, and outcomes were summarized and compared between COVID-19 confirmed and non-confirmed cases. The first two confirmed cases were Chinese nationals, admitted on Jan. 25. The third confirmed case was a Filipino, admitted on Mar. 8. Trends toward confirmed COVID-19 cases not reporting international travel and being admitted to SLH from the densely populated area of Manila city were observed during Mar. 8-29. All 42 of the 100 confirmed COVID-19 cases were adults, 40% were aged 60 years and above and 55% were male. Three were health workers. Among individuals with suspected COVID-19, confirmed cases were more likely to be older, Filipino, not report international travel history and have at least one underlying disease, particularly diabetes, report difficulty in breathing, and a longer duration of symptoms. In over 90% of non-COVID-19 cases, the alternative diagnosis was respiratory. Nine (21%) confirmed cases died. The median duration from symptoms onset to death was 11.5 (range: 8–18) days. Conclusions Imported COVID-19 cases have reduced but local transmission persists and there is a trend toward cases being admitted to SLH from densely populated areas. This study highlights the difficulty in diagnosing COVID-19 on clinical grounds and the importance of diagnostic capacity in all settings. Difficulty of breathing was the only symptom associated with COVID-19 infection and should alert clinicians to the possibility of COVID-19. Clinical characteristics of confirmed COVID-19 cases and a hospital case fatality rate of 21% are comparable with other settings. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource epidemiology, coronavirus, covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, Philippines, Manila Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.1186/s41182-020-00241-8 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine https://socictopen.socict.org/files/original/4e4f6f80b8decd79158d537fd9373001.pdf 8e71a33841a5be9ab054c88ce6eb023e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Practical lessons for phone-based assessments of learning Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Noam Angrist, Peter Bergman, Susannah Hares, Matthew C H Jukes, Thato Letsomo Description An account of the resource School closures affecting more than 1.5 billion children are designed to prevent the spread of current public health risks from the COVID-19 pandemic, but they simultaneously introduce new short-term and long-term health risks through lost education. Measuring these effects in real time is critical to inform effective public health responses, and remote phone-based approaches are one of the only viable options with extreme social distancing in place. However, both the health and education literature are sparse on guidance for phone-based assessments. In this article, we draw on our pilot testing of phone-based assessments in Botswana, along with the existing literature on oral testing of reading and mathematics, to propose a series of preliminary practical lessons to guide researchers and service providers as they try phone-based learning assessments. We provide preliminary evidence that phone-based assessments can accurately capture basic numeracy skills. We provide guidance to help teams (1) ensure that children are not put at risk, (2) test the reliability and validity of phone-based measures, (3) use simple instructions and practice items to ensure the assessment is focused on the target skill, not general language and test-taking skills, (4) adapt the items from oral assessments that will be most effective in phone-based assessments, (5) keep assessments brief while still gathering meaningful learning data, (6) use effective strategies to encourage respondents to pick up the phone, (7) build rapport with adult caregivers and youth respondents, (8) choose the most cost-effective medium and (9) account for potential bias in samples. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003030 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine (General) https://socictopen.socict.org/files/original/83b27adfe7cf852fbb4c47f9456539e4.pdf a49a6f888968a82909866ee74e1e0829 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The COVID-19 pandemic: diverse contexts; different epidemics—how and why? Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Peter Aaby, Kristien Verdonck, Sameh Al-Awlaqi, Gerald Bloom, Por Ir, Kefilath Bello, Jean-Paul Dossou, Remco van de Pas, Wim Van Damme, Ritwik Dahake, Brecht Ingelbeen, Edwin Wouters, Guido Vanham, Stefaan Van der Borght, Devadasan Narayanan, Ian Van Engelgem, Mohamed Ali Ag Ahmed, Vincent De Brouwere, Helmut Kloos, Andreas Kalk, Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum, Placide Mbala, Steve Ahuka-Mundeke, Yibeltal Assefa Description An account of the resource It is very exceptional that a new disease becomes a true pandemic. Since its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19, has spread to nearly all countries of the world in only a few months. However, in different countries, the COVID-19 epidemic takes variable shapes and forms in how it affects communities. Until now, the insights gained on COVID-19 have been largely dominated by the COVID-19 epidemics and the lockdowns in China, Europe and the USA. But this variety of global trajectories is little described, analysed or understood. In only a few months, an enormous amount of scientific evidence on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 has been uncovered (knowns). But important knowledge gaps remain (unknowns). Learning from the variety of ways the COVID-19 epidemic is unfolding across the globe can potentially contribute to solving the COVID-19 puzzle. This paper tries to make sense of this variability—by exploring the important role that context plays in these different COVID-19 epidemics; by comparing COVID-19 epidemics with other respiratory diseases, including other coronaviruses that circulate continuously; and by highlighting the critical unknowns and uncertainties that remain. These unknowns and uncertainties require a deeper understanding of the variable trajectories of COVID-19. Unravelling them will be important for discerning potential future scenarios, such as the first wave in virgin territories still untouched by COVID-19 and for future waves elsewhere. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003098 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine (General) https://socictopen.socict.org/files/original/18e69aa4e8330a4743a239de09444ec5.pdf ba131f3b4ff0b3b40323ddfaa21d62d6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Emprendimiento en épocas de crisis: Un análisis exploratorio de los efectos de la COVID-19 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alicia Rubio Bañón, Catalina Nicolás Martínez Description An account of the resource La pandemia actual -COVID19- ha llevado a muchos gobiernos a tomar medidas drásticas en respuesta a la crisis de salud global. Las medidas de bloqueo como respuesta a la crisis han frenado aún más las actividades económicas a nivel mundial. En este contexto destaca la importancia del papel de los emprendedores para acelerar la recuperación económica. Este trabajo se centra en analizar cómo los emprendedores enfrentan la situación causada por la COVID-19 a través de un estudio cuantitativo con una muestra de 236 emprendedores españoles ubicados geográficamente en la Región de Murcia. Los resultados muestran cómo los emprendedores han tenido que adaptarse a estas nuevas circunstancias enfrentándose a desafíos como la necesidad de digitalización, la falta de financiamiento, la disminución del capital humano o la percepción de nuevas oportunidades que se conviertan en negocios viables. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource covid-19, Crisis económica, Desafios;, Emprendimiento, políticas de estímulo del emprendimiento Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.26784/sbir.v4i2.279 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Business, Small and medium-sized businesses, artisans, handicrafts, trades https://socictopen.socict.org/files/original/c2ed4c96c5473036951b60d941eb4a7a.pdf f6b7c47b1b1db6b7c2397d02bfbe00a3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Understanding genomic diversity, pan-genome, and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Arohi Parlikar, Kishan Kalia, Shruti Sinha, Sucheta Patnaik, Neeraj Sharma, Sai Gayatri Vemuri, Gaurav Sharma Description An account of the resource Coronovirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, which originated from Wuhan, China, has seized the whole world in its grasp and created a huge pandemic situation before humanity. Since December 2019, genomes of numerous isolates have been sequenced and analyzed for testing confirmation, epidemiology, and evolutionary studies. In the first half of this article, we provide a detailed review of the history and origin of COVID-19, followed by the taxonomy, nomenclature and genome organization of its causative agent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In the latter half, we analyze subgenus Sarbecovirus (167 SARS-CoV-2, 312 SARS-CoV, and 5 Pangolin CoV) genomes to understand their diversity, origin, and evolution, along with pan-genome analysis of genus Betacoronavirus members. Whole-genome sequence-based phylogeny of subgenus Sarbecovirus genomes reasserted the fact that SARS-CoV-2 strains evolved from their common ancestors putatively residing in bat or pangolin hosts. We predicted a few country-specific patterns of relatedness and identified mutational hotspots with high, medium and low probability based on genome alignment of 167 SARS-CoV-2 strains. A total of 100-nucleotide segment-based homology studies revealed that the majority of the SARS-CoV-2 genome segments are close to Bat CoV, followed by some to Pangolin CoV, and some are unique ones. Open pan-genome of genus Betacoronavirus members indicates the diversity contributed by the novel viruses emerging in this group. Overall, the exploration of the diversity of these isolates, mutational hotspots and pan-genome will shed light on the evolution and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 and help in developing putative methods of diagnosis and treatment. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource coronavirus, SARS, genome, covid-19, Pandemic, viral disease Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.7717/peerj.9576 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Medicine