Détruire, créer, jouer: lire la folie de Caligula chez Camus
Calígula, Camus, folie, Sagesse, Dionysos
Dans la préface américaine de Caligula and three other plays, Camus désigne Vies des douze Césars comme la source première de sa pièce. Toutefois, comme cet article va le démontrer, même si Camus emprunte en effet de Suétone des épisodes et des détails concernant la vie de l’empereur, il dote tous ces éléments d’une nouvelle signification. À la différence de Suétone, qui attribue la folie de Caligula à une maladie, Camus cherche à donner à ce comportement violent et étrange un sens qui échappe au domaine médical. Ayant beaucoup travaillé sur Nietzsche, notamment sur La naissance de la tragédie Camus marque son personnage de traits dionysiaques, en attirant surtout l’attention sur l’aspect simultané de la création et de la destruction. Dans les pages qui suivent nous allons examiner l’importance du mythe du dieu de la folie dans le processus de perception et de réception de la folie de Caligula par le destinataire du texte camusien.
Deubiquitinating Enzymes in Coronaviruses and Possible Therapeutic Opportunities for COVID-19
coronavirus, SARS, DUBs, Papain-like protease, SARS-CoV-2, PLP inhibitors
Following the outbreak of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus (CoV)2, the majority of nations are struggling with countermeasures to fight infection, prevent spread and improve patient survival. Considering that the pandemic is a recent event, no large clinical trials have been possible and since coronavirus specific drug are not yet available, there is no strong consensus on how to treat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated viral pneumonia. Coronaviruses code for an important multifunctional enzyme named papain-like protease (PLP), that has many roles in pathogenesis. First, PLP is one of the two viral cysteine proteases, along with 3-chymotripsin-like protease, that is responsible for the production of the replicase proteins required for viral replication. Second, its intrinsic deubiquitinating and deISGylating activities serve to antagonize the host’s immune response that would otherwise hinder infection. Both deubiquitinating and deISGylating functions involve the removal of the small regulatory polypeptides, ubiquitin and ISG15, respectively, from target proteins. Ubiquitin modifications can regulate the innate immune response by affecting regulatory proteins, either by altering their stability via the ubiquitin proteasome pathway or by directly regulating their activity. ISG15 is a ubiquitin-like modifier with pleiotropic effects, typically expressed during the host cell immune response. PLP inhibitors have been evaluated during past coronavirus epidemics, and have showed promising results as an antiviral therapy in vitro. In this review, we recapitulate the roles of PLPs in coronavirus infections, report a list of PLP inhibitors and suggest possible therapeutic strategies for COVID-19 treatment, using both clinical and preclinical drugs.
Padraig D’Arcy, Martina Bazzaro, Valentino Clemente
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Deuda ambiental y climática: amigos o depredadores contaminadores
Cambio climático, Comunidades Tradicionales, Discursos ambientales, Eco-capitalismo, Ecologismos, Principio de Solidaridad
Esta reflexión consta de cuatro partes:la primera hace referencia a cómo losconflictos y la problemática ambiental estásignada por prácticas de sobreexplotación ysobreconsumo generadoras de las erosionesy contaminaciones que le están asociadas,así como de sus consecuencias previstas y noprevistas y que tienen que ver con las deudasambientales y las injusticias ambientalescorrelativas. La segunda parte indica unade las paradojas en el discurso ambiental,particularmente en los enunciados de losprincipios ambientales, asociado por unaparte a la protección (principios de prevencióny precaución) y de otra, la idea del antiprincipioque no solo se impone en el discursosino especialmente en la práctica cotidiana(principio el que contamina paga). La terceraparte destaca cómo en el pensamientoy en la acción ambientales encontramoslos ecologismos y los ambientalismos quepromueven la protección y la conservacióny su contraparte, aquellos ecologismos ecocapitalistasy eco-neoliberales, indicando loselementos centrales de su contribución alos cambios climáticos y a las consiguientesdeudas climáticas. La cuarta y última partedestaca la relación entre cambios climáticos ybosques naturales, indicando el papel que lascomunidades locales y tradicionales tienen enla conservación y el papel de los Estados ylas empresas en su destrucción.Palabras clave: Discursos Ambi
https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/peju/article/view/36539
Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence
Developing a low-cost and accessible COVID-19 vaccine for global health.
Public aspects of medicine, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Developing a Model for the Psychological Consequences of Corona Epidemic Anxiety and studying the Mediating Role of Spiritual Health
anxiety " "psychological outcomes" "corona epidemic " "spiritual health""
The aim of this study was to develop a model of psychological consequences of anxiety of corona epidemic and to investigate the mediating role of spiritual health. In terms of purpose, is an applied research and in nature, is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population included all residents of Lorestan province in 1398 that had faced with effects of coronavirus epidemic. The sample based on Cochran formula was 384 men and women. Sampling was done by cluster sampling and questionnaires were completed by internet survey. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Mello & Worrell's (2007) time attitude, Paloutzian & Ellison's Spiritual Health (1983), and the researcher - constructed Aggression and Relationship quality Questionnaire were used to collect the data. Generalized anxiety had a positive effect on the level of aggression and a negative effect on the quality of relationship and positive attitude toward the future. Spiritual health mediated the adverse effects of pervasive anxiety on positive future attitudes and quality of relationship with the family, but didnt show mediating effect on aggression. Due to the mental threats of corona epidemic, the necessity of recognizing the mediating factors is clearly seen, and the findings of this study to confirm the mediating role of spiritual health provide a strategic tool for the country's psychologists and planners. The results of this study suggest that spiritual health can be used as a cornerstone in maintaining the health of individuals as a fundamental factor in moderating the effects of generalized anxiety due to the corona crisis.
Developing a Preliminary Causal Loop Diagram for Understanding the Wicked Complexity of the COVID-19 Pandemic
systems approach, Pandemic, wicked problem, Leverage points, COVID-19
COVID-19 is a wicked problem for policy makers internationally as the complexity of the pandemic transcends health, environment, social and economic boundaries. Many countries are focusing on two key responses, namely virus containment and financial measures, but fail to recognise other aspects. The systems approach, however, enables policy makers to design the most effective strategies and reduce the unintended consequences. To achieve fundamental change, it is imperative to firstly identify the “right” interventions (leverage points) and implement additional measures to reduce negative consequences. To do so, a preliminary causal loop diagram of the COVID-19 pandemic was designed to explore its influence on socio-economic systems. In order to transcend the “wait and see” approach, and create an adaptive and resilient system, governments need to consider “deep” leverage points that can be realistically maintained over the long-term and cause a fundamental change, rather than focusing on “shallow” leverage points that are relatively easy to implement but do not result in significant systemic change.
Rodney A. Stewart, Emiliya Suprun, Oz Sahin, Shannon Rutherford, Cara D. Beal, Hengky Salim, Russell Richards, Stefen MacAskill, Simone Heilgeist
Technology (General), Systems engineering
covid-19, Pandemic, systems approach, wicked problem, Leverage points
Shannon Rutherford, Oz Sahin, Hengky Salim, Emiliya Suprun, Russell Richards, Stefen MacAskill, Simone Heilgeist, Rodney A. Stewart, Cara D. Beal
Developing a system of anti-crisis measures for Ukraine’s economy in the spread of the coronavirus pandemic
Economic crisis, monetary policy, stabilization policy, fiscal incentives
The new global financial and economic crisis is caused by the spread of the coronavirus epidemic, the reduction in aggregate supply, the escalation of trade wars, and the outflow of capital from emerging markets. This requires national macroeconomic regulatory authorities to take prudent measures to protect national economies from destabilizing externalities. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to justify and develop a priority system of stabilization policy and anti-crisis measures to counter the spread of external shocks in the national economy, stabilize it, and create conditions for its further recovery and sustainable economic growth. To achieve this aim, the existing theoretical sources and research materials of international organizations were systematized, the legislative and regulatory framework in Ukraine was generalized, and statistical methods, a historical method, analysis and generalization were also used. As a result, the channels of impact of external shocks on Ukraine’s economy were identified, and the areas of internal vulnerability of the national economy that could significantly increase the negative effects of externalities were determined. The knowledge gained has become the basis for formulating conceptual directions of crisis management and developing a system of measures to counteract crisis phenomena, which include the monetary policy tools of the National Bank of Ukraine, the structural and fiscal policy of the Government, as well as the banking regulation and capital control policies.
Developing and Maintaining Public Trust During and Post-COVID-19: Can We Apply a Model Developed for Responding to Food Scares?
Prevention, covid-19, Risk communication, trust, pandemic management
Trust in public health officials and the information they provide is essential for the public uptake of preventative strategies to reduce the transmission of COVID-19. This paper discusses how a model for developing and maintaining trust in public health officials during food safety incidents and scandals might be applied to pandemic management. The model identifies ten strategies to be considered, including: transparency; development of protocols and procedures; credibility; proactivity; putting the public first; collaborating with stakeholders; consistency; education of stakeholders and the public; building your reputation; and keeping your promises. While pandemic management differs insofar as the responsibility lies with the public rather than identifiable regulatory bodies, and governments must weigh competing risks in creating policy, we conclude that many of the strategies identified in our trust model can be successfully applied to the maintenance of trust in public health officials prior to, during, and after pandemics.
John Coveney, Julie Henderson, Paul R. Ward, Emma Tonkin, Samantha B. Meyer, Heath Pillen, Dean McCullum, Barbara Toson, Trevor Webb, Annabelle Wilson
Developing Arabic Language Instructional Content in Canvas LMS for the Era and Post Covid-19 Pandemic
covid-19, ICT, LMS, Canvas, instructional content, me-book
Online and offline learning practices must not ignore pedagogy, psychology, technology, instructional content, and other aspects of teaching and learning process. Instructional content needs more attention during and after Covid-19 pandemic because it must match the characteristics of students. Therefore, this problem has led to the development of mE-Book for Arabic learning in Canvas Learning Management System (LMS). This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mE-Book as instructional content for Arabic language learning in Canvas LMS and the extent of mE-Book acceptance by students in the framework of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) 3. This research used a nonrandomized control group pretest-posttest design by comparing two groups with and without mE-Book and the interview to know the students’ point of view about mE-Book. The results showed that mE-Book was effective as instructional content for Arabic language learning in Canvas LMS with large effect based on effect size criteria. Students’ perspectives showed that the use of mE-Book as instructional content for Arabic language learning in Canvas LMS is interesting for online and offline learning. In conclusion, students could accept mE-Book in learning activity in Canvas LMS because it eased students in Arabic language learning.
Moh. Fery Fauzi, Lailatul Mauludiyah, Murdiono Murdiono, Irma Anindiati, Auqi Lu'lu In Nada, Rifqi Rohmanul Khakim, I'anatut Thoifah