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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>A Nomogram-Based Prediction for Severe Pneumonia in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)</text>
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                <text>Zhang Y, Wu L, Yang J, Zhou C, Liu Y</text>
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                <text>Yue Zhang,1 Lin Wu,2 Jibin Yang,3 Congyang Zhou,3 Ying Liu3 1Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, Peoples&amp;rsquo; Republic of China; 2Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, Peoples&amp;rsquo; Republic of China; 3Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, Peoples&amp;rsquo; Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ying LiuDepartment of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Yongwaizhen Street 17, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, Peoples&amp;rsquo; Republic of ChinaEmail yingliu_ncu@163.comBackground: The outbreak of a novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently ongoing worldwide. A proportion of COVID-19 patients progress rapidly to acute respiratory failure.Objective: We aimed to build a model to predict the risk of developing severe pneumonia in patients with COVID-19 in the early stage.Methods: Data from patients who were confirmed to have COVID-19 and were admitted within 7 days from the onset of respiratory symptoms were retrospectively collected. The patients were classified into severe and non-severe groups according to the presence or absence of severe pneumonia during 1&amp;ndash; 2 weeks of follow-up. The clinical characteristics and laboratory indicators were screened by cross-validation based on LASSO regression to build a prediction model presented by a nomogram. The discrimination and stability, as well as the prediction performance of the model, were analysed.Results: The neutrophil&amp;ndash;lymphocyte ratio, monocyte counts, eosinophil percentage, serum lactate dehydrogenase level and history of diabetes mellitus were collected for the model. Bootstrap resampling showed the apparent C-statistics, and the brier scores were 0.929 and 0.098. The optimism of the C-statistics and brier score was 0.0172 and &amp;minus; 0.019, respectively. The adjusted C-statistics and brier score were 0.9108 and 0.1169, respectively. The optimal cut-off value of the total nomogram score was determined to be 119 according to the maximal Youden index. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for differentiating the presence and absence of severe pneumonia were 83%, 89%, 74%, and 94%, respectively.Conclusion: In our study, the neutrophil&amp;ndash;lymphocyte ratio, monocyte counts, eosinophil percentage, serum lactate dehydrogenase level and history of diabetes mellitus showed great discrimination and stability for the prediction of the presence of severe pneumonia and were selected for the model.Keywords: COVID-19, prediction, nomogram</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>covid-19, prediction, nomogram</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Infectious and parasitic diseases</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>A novel approach to anterior segment imaging with smartphones in the COVID-19 era</text>
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                <text>Sreetama Dutt, Siva S Vadivel, Shanmuganathan Nagarajan, Amrutha Galagali, Josephine S Christy, Anand Sivaraman, Divya Parthasarathy Rao</text>
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                <text>Purpose: To report a novel, telemedicine-friendly, smartphone-based, wireless anterior segment device with instant photo-documentation ability in the COVID-19 era. Methods: Anterior Imaging Module (AIM) was constructed based on a 50/50 beam splitter design, to match the magnification drum optics of slit-lamps with a three-step or higher level of magnification. The design fills the smartphone sensor fully at the lowest magnification and matches the fixed focus of the slit-lamp. It comes with a smartphone for instant photo-documentation, an in-built software application for data-management and secure HIPAA compliant cloud storage, and a Bluetooth trigger for a one-tap image capture. The construction of the device is explained, and the optical resolution measured using U.S. air-force resolution test. AIM's performance was characterized with traceability to internationally relevant performance standards for digital slit-lamps after image quality assessment through a pilot study. Results: Clinically useful anterior segment images were obtained with both diffuse and slit illumination at different magnification settings with the highest magnification (40X) resolution of 359 lines per cm and the lowest magnification (16X) resolution of 113 lines per cm. Conclusion: AIM is a novel, wireless, telemedicine-enabled design that digitizes existing, analog slit lamps with at least three-step magnification. The settings ensure the focus is determined purely by the position of the slit-lamp. Hence, the image viewed and captured on the smartphone is exactly what the clinician sees through the eyepiece. This helps in maintaining distance from the patient in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, as well.</text>
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                <text>2021</text>
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                <text>conjunctiva, covid-19, telemedicine, smartphone, Cornea, slit-lamp, LENS, iRIS, Sclera, anterior segment imaging, uniform illumination</text>
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                <text>10.4103/ijo.IJO_3707_20</text>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Ophthalmology</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>A Novel Bacterium-Like Particle Vaccine Displaying the MERS-CoV Receptor-Binding Domain Induces Specific Mucosal and Systemic Immune Responses in Mice</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11139">
                <text>Entao Li, Hang Chi, Pei Huang, Feihu Yan, Ying Zhang, Chuanyu Liu, Zhenshan Wang, Guo-hua Li, Shengnan Zhang, Ruo Mo, Hong-li Jin, Hualei Wang, Na Feng, Jian-Zhong Wang, Yuhai Bi, Tiecheng Wang, Weiyang Sun, Yuwei Gao, Yongkun Zhao, Songtao Yang, Xianzhu Xia</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a new coronavirus that has been causing severe and fatal acute respiratory illnesses in humans since its outbreak in 2012, has raised public fear worldwide. The development of prophylactics and therapeutics is urgently needed to prevent and control MERS-CoV infections. In this study, a bacterium (Lactococcus lactis)-like particle (BLP) vaccine displaying the MERS-CoV receptor-binding domain (RBD) was developed, and gram-positive enhancer matrix (GEM) particles were used as substrates to externally bind to the MERS-CoV RBD through a protein anchor (PA). The designs included different numbers of lysin motif (LysM) repeats in the PAs linked by linkers (RBD-linker-PA2 (RLP2), RBD-linker-PA3 (RLP3) and RBD-PA3 (RP3)), and three LysM repeats and a linker in the fusion proteins increased the binding activity to the RBD. The specific immune responses were tested by intranasally immunizing mice with RLP3-GEM with or without the adjuvant GEL01. The results showed that GEL01-adjuvanted RLP3-GEM increased the systemic humoral, cellular and local mucosal immune responses in the mouse model, especially in the intestinal tract. The above results indicate that the MERS-CoV BLP product has the potential to be developed into a promising mucosal candidate vaccine to protect against MERS-CoV infections.</text>
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                <text>2019</text>
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                <text>MERS-CoV, subunit vaccine, bacterium-like particles, intranasal administration, mucosal immune</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3390/v11090799</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Viruses</text>
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                <text>MDPI AG</text>
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                <text>Microbiology</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>A Novel Cellular Handset Design for an Enhanced Antenna Performance and a Reduced SAR in the Human Head</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="5194">
                <text>Salah I. Al-Mously, Marai M. Abousetta</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This paper presents a novel cellular handset design with a bottom-mounted  short loaded-whip antenna. This new handset design is modeled and simulated  using a finite difference time-domain (FDTD)-based platform  SEMCAD. The proposed handset is based on a current commercially  available bar-phone type with a curvature shape, keypad positioned above the  screen, and top-mounted antenna. The specific absorption rates (SARs) are  determined computationally in the specific anthropomorphic mannequin  (SAM) and anatomically correct model of a human head when exposed  to the EM-field radiation of the proposed cellular handset and the handset  with top-mounted antenna. The two cellular handsets are simulated to operate at  both GSM standards, 900 MHz as well as 1800 MHz, having different  antenna dimensions and intput power of 0.6 W and 0.125 W,  respectively. The proposed human hand holding the two handset models is  a semirealistic hand model consists of three tissues: skin, muscle, and bone.  The simulations are conducted with handset positions based on the IEEE  standard 1528-2003. The results show that the proposed handset has a  significant improvement of antenna efficiency when it is hand-held close to head,  as compared with the handset of top-mounted antenna. Also, the results show that  a significant reduction of the induced SAR in the human head-tissues can be  achieved with the proposed handset.</text>
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                <text>2008</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1155/2008/642572</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="5198">
                <text>International Journal of Antennas and Propagation</text>
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                <text>Hindawi Limited</text>
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                <text>Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Cellular telephone services industry. Wireless telephone industry</text>
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                <text>A novel cohort analysis approach to determining the case fatality rate of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases.</text>
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                <text>Charit Samyak Narayanan</text>
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                <text>As the Coronavirus contagion develops, it is increasingly important to understand the dynamics of the disease. Its severity is best described by two parameters: its ability to spread and its lethality. Here, we combine a mathematical model with a cohort analysis approach to determine the range of case fatality rates (CFR). We use a logistical function to describe the exponential growth and subsequent flattening of COVID-19 CFR that depends on three parameters: the final CFR (L), the CFR growth rate (k), and the onset-to-death interval (t0). Using the logistic model with specific parameters (L, k and t0), we calculate the number of deaths each day for each cohort. We build an objective function that minimizes the root mean square error between the actual and predicted values of cumulative deaths and run multiple simulations by altering the three parameters. Using all of these values, we find out which set of parameters returns the lowest error when compared to the number of actual deaths. We were able to predict the CFR much closer to reality at all stages of the viral outbreak compared to traditional methods. This model can be used far more effectively than current models to estimate the CFR during an outbreak, allowing for better planning. The model can also help us better understand the impact of individual interventions on the CFR. With much better data collection and labeling, we should be able to improve our predictive power even further.</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233146</text>
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                <text>PLoS ONE</text>
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                <text>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>A novel Coltivirus-related virus isolated from free-tailed bats from Côte d’Ivoire is able to infect human cells in vitro</text>
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                <text>Sabrina Weiss, Piotr Wojtek Dabrowski, Andreas  Kurth, Siv Aina J. Leendertz, Fabian H. Leendertz</text>
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                <text>Abstract Background Zoonotic transmission events play a major role in the emergence of novel diseases. While such events are virtually impossible to predict, wildlife screening for potential emerging pathogens can be a first step. Driven by recent disease epidemics like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and Ebola, bats have gained special interest as reservoirs of emerging viruses. Methods As part of a bigger study investigating pathogens in African bats we screened animals for the presence of known and unknown viruses. Results We isolated and characterised a novel reovirus from blood of free-tailed bats (Chaereophon aloysiisabaudiae) captured in 2006 in Côte d’Ivoire. The virus showed closest relationship with two human pathogenic viruses, Colorado tick fever virus and Eyach virus, and was able to infect various human cell lines in vitro. Conclusion The study shows the presence of a coltivirus-related virus in bats from Sub-Sahara Africa. Serological studies could help to assess its impact on humans or wildlife health.</text>
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                <text>2017</text>
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                <text>Reoviridae, Chiroptera, bats, Coltivirus, Chaereophon aloysiisabaudiae, Colorado tick fever</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0843-0</text>
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                <text>Virology Journal</text>
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                <text>BMC</text>
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                <text>Infectious and parasitic diseases</text>
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                <text>Liang Chen, Chun Hu, Molly Hood, Xue Zhang, Lu Zhang, Jun-tao Kan, Jun Du</text>
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                <text>Novel coronaviruses (CoV) have emerged periodically around the world in recent years. The recurrent spreading of CoVs imposes an ongoing threat to global health and the economy. Since no specific therapy for these CoVs is available, any beneficial approach (including nutritional and dietary approach) is worth investigation. Based on recent advances in nutrients and phytonutrients research, a novel combination of vitamin C, curcumin and glycyrrhizic acid (VCG Plus) was developed that has potential against CoV infection. System biology tools were applied to explore the potential of VCG Plus in modulating targets and pathways relevant to immune and inflammation responses. Gene target acquisition, gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were conducted consecutively along with network analysis. The results show that VCG Plus can act on 88 hub targets which are closely connected and associated with immune and inflammatory responses. Specifically, VCG Plus has the potential to regulate innate immune response by acting on NOD-like and Toll-like signaling pathways to promote interferons production, activate and balance T-cells, and regulate the inflammatory response by inhibiting PI3K/AKT, NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. All these biological processes and pathways have been well documented in CoV infections studies. Therefore, our findings suggest that VCG Plus may be helpful in regulating immune response to combat CoV infections and inhibit excessive inflammatory responses to prevent the onset of cytokine storm. However, further in vitro and in vivo experiments are warranted to validate the current findings with system biology tools. Our current approach provides a new strategy in predicting formulation rationale when developing new dietary supplements.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="16814">
                <text>DOI: 10.3390/nu12041193</text>
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                <text>Novel coronaviruses (CoV) have emerged periodically around the world in recent years. The recurrent spreading of CoVs imposes an ongoing threat to global health and the economy. Since no specific therapy for these CoVs is available, any beneficial approach (including nutritional and dietary approach) is worth investigation. Based on recent advances in nutrients and phytonutrients research, a novel combination of vitamin C, curcumin and glycyrrhizic acid (VCG Plus) was developed that has potential against CoV infection. System biology tools were applied to explore the potential of VCG Plus in modulating targets and pathways relevant to immune and inflammation responses. Gene target acquisition, gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were conducted consecutively along with network analysis. The results show that VCG Plus can act on 88 hub targets which are closely connected and associated with immune and inflammatory responses. Specifically, VCG Plus has the potential to regulate innate immune response by acting on NOD-like and Toll-like signaling pathways to promote interferons production, activate and balance T-cells, and regulate the inflammatory response by inhibiting PI3K/AKT, NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. All these biological processes and pathways have been well documented in CoV infections studies. Therefore, our findings suggest that VCG Plus may be helpful in regulating immune response to combat CoV infections and inhibit excessive inflammatory responses to prevent the onset of cytokine storm. However, further in vitro and in vivo experiments are warranted to validate the current findings with system biology tools. Our current approach provides a new strategy in predicting formulation rationale when developing new dietary supplements.</text>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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                <text>A novel coronavirus (nCoV) was first identified amid a recent outbreak of respiratory disease cases in China, Wuhan City. This infection was initially reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) on December 31, 2019. One month later, the WHO declared the 2019-nCoV outbreak a global health emergency(1). The WHO named the disease caused by 2019-nCoV as COVID-19, an acronym derived from “coronavirus disease 2019”.According to WHO, “Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). A novel coronavirus (nCoV) is a new strain which has not been previously identified in humans”(2). The recent emergence of COVID-19 in China raised many questions regarding risk factors in the general population, transmission patterns, clinical characteristics, efficient protection methods for health workers or in household and other settings. The medical world is also concerned about the most appropriate means to predict the future evolution of the disease and to limit human-to-human transmission, preventing also further international spread from China. The rapid identification of the new cases and close follow up of their contacts, together with preventive health measures for travelers may be useful methods to prevent a possible pandemia of COVID-19.In mid-February 2020, COVID-19 has been confirmed in more than 64,000 individuals (the majority in China) and has resulted in more than 1300 deaths. The respiratory infection has been reported also in other countries from Middle East, Europe, United States etc. The disease seems to be transmitted by respiratory droplets from sneezing or cough and is usually limited to close contacts with the patients, such as family members and healthcare workers. A more severe evolution was encountered in elderly patients, with comorbidities(3).There are no validated diagnostic tests for COVID-19. In the USA, the Center for Disease Control has developed a diagnostic test and has requested special emergency authorization from the Food and Drug Administration for its use4. This test is a real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assay and can diagnose the virus in respiratory and serum samples from clinical specimens. There is no specific treatment until now for infections with COVID-19, the treatment is only supportive. Researchers have started to investigate possible drug treatments for COVID-19. In China there are more than 80 running or pending clinical trials on potential treatments for COVID-19, including old traditional Chinese therapies. Some of these studies were criticized because of their study protocol, lack of specific standards, such as methods of randomization, control groups and measures of clinical outcomes. Until now, there is no specific cure for the disease. The WHO initiated a clinical trial that will compare two or three therapies supported by initial scientific evidence, a HIV-drug combination (lopinavir and ritonavir) and an experimental antiviral (remdesivir).Up to now, the most important measure is the prevention of infection, by limiting the contact with potentially infected patients, travel restrictions for persons originating in the endemic areas of China, use of protection equipment (surgical masks, gloves, protection eyeglasses etc).</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>DOI: https://doi.org/10.31688/ABMU.2020.55.1.XX</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Archives of the Balkan Medical Union</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Balkan Medical Union</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Medicine (General), Medicine</text>
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                <text>EN, FR</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27103">
                <text>A Novel Dynamic Model Describing the Spread of the MERS-CoV and the Expression of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27104">
                <text>Wanbiao Ma, Siming Tang, Peifan Bai</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27105">
                <text>The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus, a newly identified pathogen, causes severe pneumonia in humans. MERS is caused by a coronavirus known as MERS-CoV, which attacks the respiratory system. The recently defined receptor for MERS-CoV, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), is generally expressed in endothelial and epithelial cells and has been shown to be present on cultured human nonciliated bronchiolar epithelium cells. In this paper, a class of novel four-dimensional dynamic model describing the infection of MERS-CoV is given, and then global stability of the equilibria of the model is discussed. Our results show that the spread of MERS-CoV can also be controlled by decreasing the expression rate of DPP4.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2017</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27107">
                <text>DOI: 10.1155/2017/5285810</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27108">
                <text>Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="27109">
                <text>Hindawi Limited</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27110">
                <text>Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  </item>
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