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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                <text>ACTITUDES AMBIENTALES HACIA LA SOSTENIBILIDAD AGRÍCOLA DESDE LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA FÍSICA</text>
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                <text>Adonis González Ramírez, Francisco Octavio Machín Armas, Vilnia Galán Rivas</text>
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                <text>El artículo posee una elevada pertinencia y actualidad. En él se analizan algunos de los problemas ambientales originados por prácticas agrícolas no adecuadas a las características físicas de los suelos en el territorio holguinero. Se presenta un análisis del contenido curricular de la disciplina Física para la carrera de Ingeniería Agrónoma y la formación de actitudes ambientales hacia la sostenibilidad agrícola, su interrelación con algunos de los procesos agrícolas que facilitan profundizar en el conocimiento de los procesos afines a las disciplinas Biología Vegetal y Animal, Manejo del Suelo y Agua, Mecanización Agropecuaria, entre otras; así como los resultados del diagnóstico que reveló las insuficiencias identificadas en los estudiantes como parte de la formación de actitudes ambientales hacia la conservación de los recursos naturales, suelo y agua. Además, se plantea una propuesta didáctica para favorecer la formación de actitudes ambientales desde la enseñanza de la Física.  ABSTRACT  The article possesses a high relevancy at present time. Here some of the environmental problems are analyzed originated by not appropriate agricultural practices to the physical characteristics of the earth in Holguin´s territory. An analysis of the curricular content of the Physical discipline is presented for the measurement of Agricultural Engineering and its interrelation with some of the agricultural processes. Its learning facilitates to deepen in knowledge of the similar process of the disciplines Vegetable and Animal Biology, of the earth and Water Handling, Agricultural Mechanization, and others. In the diagnose, that revealed the inadequacies identified in the students as part of the formation of the environmental attitudes toward the conservation of natural resources, earth and water it also deals about a didactic proposal to favor the formation of the environmental attitudes from the teaching Physics.   KEY WORDS: teaching - learning, formation of attitudes, sustainable agriculture</text>
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                <text>Enseñanza-aprendizaje, Formación de actitudes, agricultura sostenible</text>
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                <text>Opuntia Brava</text>
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                <text>University of Las Tunas</text>
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                <text>Actitudes de conservación y su relación con el desarrollo de capacidades de los estudiantes de educación secundaria, sobre el ecosistema de la provincia de Huaytará de la Región Huancavelica</text>
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                <text>Toribio Conce Canales</text>
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                <text>Esta investigación es básica, con un nivel descriptivo correlacional tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre las actitudes de  conservación  del  ambiente  y  el  desarrollo  de  capacidades  de  los  estudiantes  de  4º  y  5º  grado  de  educación  secundaria,  sobre  el ecosistema de la provincia de Huaytará, en una muestra de 70 estudiantes,  quienes  han  sido  evaluados  mediante  una  prueba  pedagógica y una encuestado los datos fueron procesados esta-dísticamente y los resultados muestran  que: es positivo con el 47 % en la encuesta, prueba escrita es de 70 % de logro previsto por lo que se concluye existe una correlación  significativa.</text>
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                <text>2017</text>
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                <text>Conservación ambiental, actitud, capacidades y ecosistema</text>
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                <text>doi:10.26490/uncp.horizonteciencia.2017.12.317</text>
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                <text>Horizonte de la Ciencia</text>
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                <text>Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://revistas.uncp.edu.pe/index.php/horizontedelaciencia/article/view/343/359" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://revistas.uncp.edu.pe/index.php/horizontedelaciencia/article/view/343/359&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Actitudes hacia la Conservación Ambiental en estudiantes de instituciones educativas secundarias</text>
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                <text>Julia Arteaga Aguilar, Rosa Zárate Quiñones, Helmer Zuñiga Lapa</text>
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                <text>El objetivo fue investigar las actitudes hacia la conservación ambiental, en una muestra de 214 alumnas del 1° al 5° Grado de Educación Básica Regular de la I.E. “María Inmaculada” – Huancayo- Perú, el año 2015. El diseño de investigación fue no experimental transversal, nivel descriptivo. Aplicamos un instrumento validado (Yarleque, 2004). Los resultados indican que la actitud hacia la conservación ambiental de alumnas, es favorable (39,7%). En el componente cognitivo el resultado es indiferencia o neutralidad; en el reactivo o conductual es de aceptación y en el afectivo es de mucha aceptación. Descrito por edad, zona de residencia y grado de estudios no se observan diferencias significativas.</text>
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                <text>2019</text>
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                <text>Conservación ambiental, actitudes, afectivo, cognitivo, reactivo</text>
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                <text>doi:10.26490/uncp.horizonteciencia.2019.16.474</text>
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                <text>Horizonte de la Ciencia</text>
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                <text>Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://revistas.uncp.edu.pe/index.php/horizontedelaciencia/article/view/241/253" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://revistas.uncp.edu.pe/index.php/horizontedelaciencia/article/view/241/253&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Actitudes proambientales en jóvenes universitarios</text>
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                <text>Pedro César Cantú-Martínez</text>
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                <text>El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo conocer las actitudes hacia el ambiente de estudiantes universitarios que previamente cursaron una materia de ecología y biodiversidad. Se realizó en la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, México, con una muestra de 52 estudiantes de ambos sexos, a través de un Cuestionario de Actitudes Ambientales. El 84.6 % mostró buena actitud y 15.4 % moderada actitud proambiental. Tres consideraciones presentaron mayor frecuencia en su mención: (a) que el gobierno ejerza mayores medidas para prevenir la contaminación, (b) que el gobierno proporcione una lista de dependencias para denunciar las quejas sobre contaminación y (c) que las escuelas deben impartir cursos de conservación de recursos naturales. Se concluye que los y las estudiantes cuentan con un comportamiento ambientalmente significativo; y que además no existe diferencia según sexo.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Ambiente, Educación Ambiental, actitud, aprendizaje, estudiante universitario</text>
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                <text>10.22206/cyed.2020.v4i2.pp67-74</text>
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                <text>Ciencia y Educación</text>
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                <text>Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC)</text>
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                <text>The oligoadenylate synthetase–ribonuclease L (OAS–RNase L) system is a potent antiviral pathway that severely limits the pathogenesis of many viruses. Upon sensing dsRNA, OASs produce 2′,5′-oligoadenylates (2-5A) that activate RNase L to cleave both host and viral single-stranded RNA, thereby limiting protein production, virus replication and spread, leading to apoptotic cell death. Endogenous host dsRNA, which accumulates in the absence of adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR)1, can also activate RNase L and lead to apoptotic cell death. RNase L activation and antiviral activity during infections with several types of viruses in human and bat cells is dependent on OAS3 but independent of virus-induced interferon (IFN) and, thus, RNase L can be activated even in the presence of IFN antagonists. Differently from other human viruses examined, Zika virus is resistant to the antiviral activity of RNase L and instead utilizes RNase L to enhance its replication factories to produce more infectious virus. Some betacoronaviruses antagonize RNase L activation by expressing 2′,5′-phosphodiesterases (PDEs) that cleave 2-5A and thereby antagonize activation of RNase L. The best characterized of these PDEs is the murine coronavirus (MHV) NS2 accessory protein. Enzymatically active NS2 is required for replication in myeloid cells and in the liver. Interestingly, while wild type mice clear MHV from the liver by 7–10 days post-infection, RNase L knockout mice fail to effectively clear MHV, probably due to diminished apoptotic death of infected cells. We suggest that RNase L antiviral activity stems from direct cleavage of viral genomes and cessation of protein synthesis as well as through promoting death of infected cells, limiting the spread of virus. Importantly, OASs are pattern recognition receptors and the OAS–RNase L pathway is a primary innate response pathway to viruses, capable of early response, coming into play before IFN is induced or when the virus shuts down IFN signaling.</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00730</text>
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                <text>Frontiers in Physiology</text>
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                <text>Danyeal  M. Wright, Keri  M. Small, Subodh Nag, Sukhbir  S. Mokha</text>
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                <text>Women manifest a higher prevalence of several chronic pain disorders compared to men. We demonstrated earlier that estrogen rapidly attenuates nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) peptide receptor (NOP)-mediated thermal antinociception through the activation of membrane estrogen receptors (mERs). However, the effect of mER activation on NOP-mediated attenuation of tactile hypersensitivity in a neuropathic model of pain and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Following spared nerve injury (SNI), male and ovariectomized (OVX) female rats were intrathecally (i.t.) injected with a selective mER agonist and nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ), the endogenous ligand for NOP, and their effects on paw withdrawal thresholds (PWTs) were tested. In addition, spinal cord tissue was used to measure changes in phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC), and protein kinase B (Akt) levels. SNI significantly reduced PWTs in males and OVX females, indicating tactile hypersensitivity. N/OFQ restored PWTs, indicating an antihypersensitive effect. Selective mER activation attenuated the effect of N/OFQ in an antagonist-reversible manner. SNI led to a robust increase in the phosphorylation of ERK, PKA, PKC, and Akt. However, mER activation did not further affect it. Thus, we conclude that activation of mERs rapidly abolishes NOP-mediated tactile antihypersensitivity following SNI via an ERK-, PKA-, PKC-, and Akt-independent mechanism.</text>
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                <text>nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor, neuropathic pain, spinal cord, spared nerve injury, Analgesia</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9060147</text>
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                <text>Brain Sciences</text>
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                <text>Most bilaterian animals excrete toxic metabolites through specialized organs, such as nephridia and kidneys, which share morphological and functional correspondences. In contrast, excretion in non-nephrozoans is largely unknown, and therefore the reconstruction of ancestral excretory mechanisms is problematic. Here, we investigated the excretory mode of members of the Xenacoelomorpha, the sister group to Nephrozoa, and Cnidaria, the sister group to Bilateria. By combining gene expression, inhibitor experiments, and exposure to varying environmental ammonia conditions, we show that both Xenacoelomorpha and Cnidaria are able to excrete across digestive-associated tissues. However, although the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis seems to use diffusion as its main excretory mode, the two xenacoelomorphs use both active transport and diffusion mechanisms. Based on these results, we propose that digestive-associated tissues functioned as excretory sites before the evolution of specialized organs in nephrozoans. We conclude that the emergence of a compact, multiple-layered bilaterian body plan necessitated the evolution of active transport mechanisms, which were later recruited into the specialized excretory organs.</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="20054">
                <text>2019</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="20055">
                <text>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000408</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="20056">
                <text>PLoS Biology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="20057">
                <text>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="20058">
                <text>Biology (General)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="20059">
                <text>EN</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1055" public="1" featured="0">
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        <src>https://socictopen.socict.org/files/original/3c43ab3375e24a2608685fc4a80651d1.pdf</src>
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        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10029">
                <text>Active Power Measurement Accuracy Increasing by Additional Measurement of Shunt Voltage</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10030">
                <text>A.  Vdovychenko, J.  Tuz</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10031">
                <text>The broadband transfer power wattmeter with the correction of the own consumption error for measuring the active power against the background of large reactive components in the radio frequency range is considered in article. The objects of research are electromagnetic elements (chokes / transfor­mers), operating at high frequencies and have strongly distorted forms of signals.  When measuring at high frequencies, the channels of the wattmeter become very sensitive to phase errors. It is necessary to minimize links that cause phase shifts. In this connection, it is important to correctly construct the input units of the wattmeter and to make such a transformation, which will provide operations with signal rms valueswithout links phase shifts. The proposed scheme allows this to be achieved, and required gain is carried out without taking into account the phase shift of the signals.  In the basic scheme of the wattmeter(fig. 1), the input device is executed from the main shunt and parallel to the auxiliary distributed shunt connected to it, which is connected to the main resistance of the voltage divider, in which the value of all resistances of the input device is determined by conditions of invariance to the squares of the voltage and load current , and the partially distributed auxiliary shunt is calculated with additional weighting factors to provide the conditions for invariance of the squared of voltage and current and eliminate the error from its own revives.  Features of the construction of the input link of the wattmeter of transfer power with additional measurement of shunt voltage are given in the article(fig.2). Active power with taking into account the influence of the shunt reactive component calculation formulas (7)-(14)is presented.  The basic error of the wattmeter is the error of the low-ohm shunt. It is expedient to use coaxial or triaxial shunts to extend the frequency range. Transfer power wattmeter input link, which contains additional measurement of shunt voltage simulations was performed in the article(fig.3and table 1).  The advantages of such wattmeter are: possibility to expand the frequency range by taking into account shunt resistance reactive component influence on the measurement final result , which can be achieved not only by hardware (shunt inductance reduction), but also the introduction of the calculated correction after measuring the values of the shunt active and reactive component; the values of the input device elements can be optimized by the criterion of maximum broadband, since the error from own consumption is taken into account; in the scheme one low-level shunt is used, which reduces the cost of the wattmeter; additive errors of the voltage conversion channel are minimized.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10032">
                <text>2018</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10033">
                <text>power measurement, active power, radiofrequency range, phase noise, correction of own consumption errors, losses, shunt</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10034">
                <text>DOI: 10.33955/2307-2180(3)2018.11-16</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10035">
                <text>Метрологія та прилади</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10036">
                <text>LLC Production and Commercial Company «FAVOR, LTD»</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10037">
                <text>Instruments and machines</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10038">
                <text>EN, UK</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
