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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Coronavirus</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <text>Changes in Air Quality during the First-Level Response to the Covid-19 Pandemic in Shanghai Municipality, China</text>
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          <name>Creator</name>
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              <text>Juha  M. Alatalo, Yang Bai, Yi Zhou, Alice  C. Hughes</text>
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          <name>Description</name>
          <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <text>Ongoing rapid urban population growth world-wide has led to serious environmental problems that affect ecosystems and also lower the security and happiness of urban residents about their living environment. The most frequently reported negative impact is a deterioration in urban air quality. In this study, we performed a comprehensive assessment of the effects of the city lockdown policy in response to Covid-19 on air quality in Shanghai Municipality, China, and sought to identify a balance point between human activities and improving air quality. The first-level response (FLR) by Shanghai to control the spread of Covid-19 was to launch a lockdown, which remained in place from 24 January to 23 March, 2020. We compared airborne pollutant concentrations in different regions (downtown, suburbs) of Shanghai city in three periods (Pre-FLR, During-FLR, and Post-FLR) and in the corresponding periods in the previous year. The results showed that air quality improved significantly During-FLR compared with Pre-FLR, with the concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO all decreasing significantly. The concentrations of all pollutants except O3 also decreased significantly compared with the same period in the previous year. There were also some differences in pollutant concentrations between the downtown region and the suburbs of Shanghai. However, we found that the concentrations of pollutants rebounded gradually when the restrictions on human activities ended after two months of lockdown. This study provides empirical evidence of the important effect of limiting human activities on air quality. For sustainable and clean future urban management in Shanghai and beyond, central government policy regulations requiring a low-carbon lifestyle and cleaner production in industries should be established.</text>
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          <name>Date</name>
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              <text>2020</text>
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        <element elementId="49">
          <name>Subject</name>
          <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <text>covid-19, Air quality, emission, Air pollutant</text>
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          <name>Identifier</name>
          <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <text>10.3390/su12218887</text>
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          <name>Source</name>
          <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="61774">
              <text>Biotemas</text>
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          <name>Publisher</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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          <name>Coverage</name>
          <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="61776">
              <text>Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable energy sources, Environmental sciences</text>
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